Beef Vindaloo

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14 cloves garlic

1/2 cup red wine vinegar

4 small hot chiles, seeded

1/4 teaspoon cumin seeds

3/4 teaspoon turmeric

1 teaspoon English mustard

1/2 teaspoon powdered ginger

1 1/4 teaspoon salt

1/4 cup granulated sugar

1 lemon, juiced, pith removed and rind chopped, membranes removed and pulp chopped

2 pounds chuck steak, cut into 1-inch cubes

3 tablespoons poppy seeds

Clarified butter

1 small onion, finely sliced

2 bay leaves

6 cloves

1/2 cup tomato paste

Freshly ground salt, to taste

Freshly ground pepper, to taste