Preheat the broiler. Cook the rice as the label directs; set aside. Meanwhile, finely grate the ginger, garlic and the zest of 1 lime into a large bowl. Stir in the juice of 1 1/2 limes and the fish sauce. Add the bell peppers, red onion, jalapeno, 3/4 cup cilantro and a pinch each of salt and pepper; toss. Let sit, tossing occasionally, until ready to serve. Cut the remaining 1/2 lime into wedges; set aside.
Line a baking sheet with foil. Cut the salmon in half lengthwise, then crosswise to make 4 equal squares; season with salt and pepper. Transfer to the prepared baking sheet and broil until just cooked through, 5 to 8 minutes.
Divide the rice among four plates. Transfer the salmon to the plates, leaving the skin behind; top with the vegetable mixture. Sprinkle with the remaining 1/4 cup cilantro and the peanuts. Serve with the lime wedges.